Perinatal conditions for early childhood development
Malnutrition, particularly stunting, remains a major public health concern in Tanzania and globally. In 2022, an estimated 149 million children under five were stunted worldwide, contributing to nearly half of child deaths in this age group. Despite global efforts, progress toward the 2030 goal of reducing stunting to 89 million is off track, with over 80% of the children left behind living in Africa.
In Tanzania, stunting rates have declined significantly over the past 30 years—from 50% to 30%—thanks to targeted investments. The country stands out for its evidence-informed policymaking, focusing on high-risk groups—children under five, newborns, pregnant women, and breastfeeding mothers. However, disparities persist based on age, gender, socioeconomic status, and region. The current national average still exceeds the global average (22%) and the SDG target of 0% by 2025.
This project reviewed Tanzania’s key policies and strategies addressing malnutrition, examined recent trends and drivers of stunting, and identified areas for improvement.
The research suggested that stunting requires a focused approach, along with complementary interventions such as improved maternal nutrition, optimal infant and young child feeding, quality health care, and enhanced water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH). Additionally, effective social protection, education campaigns, agricultural initiatives and community engagement are vital, with political commitment to enforce implementation.